EMT Exam
Earliest documented emergency medical service.
Answer. In 1790 the French began transporting wounded soldiers from the battlefield.
Who developed the first emergency medical standards?
Answer. U.S. Department of Transportation
What is enhanced 911?
Answer. Dispatchers are able to determine location of the caller.
Minimum level of certification to run on an ambulance crew.
Answer. EMT
Evaluation of patient’s condition is done by doing a ___.
Answer. Patient Assessment. EMT Exam.
Who is responsible for scene safety?
Answer. All crew members
A person who speaks on behalf of the patient.
Answer. The Advocate
Assumes responsibility for all EMTs.
Answer. The Medical Director
Any agent that causes disease is called a ______.
Answer. Pathogen
How is Hepatitis A transmitted?
Answer. Fecal-oral route
What part of the nervous system is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?
Answer. Sympathetic Nervous System
Levels of EMS
Answer. EMR, EMT, AEMT, Paramedic
When lifting a patient, a basic principle is to:
Answer. Know your own limitations
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Preferred number of rescuers when using a stair chair.
Answer. 3
Set of limitations that defines the legal actions and limitations placed on the EMT.
Answer. Scope of Practice
Consent given by a school principal to treat a minor on behalf of the parents.
Answer. In loco parentis (in place of the parent). EMT Exam.
An EMT’s legal and ethical obligation to provide care to a patient.
Answer. Duty to Act
Act that governs patient confidentiality.
Answer. HIPAA
EMTs role at a crime scene.
Answer. Care of the patient
What is anatomy?
Answer. The structures of the human body.
What is physiology?
Answer. The function of the human body.
Sharing information about a patient’s history or condition.
Answer. Breach of confidentiality
Place to check a pulse on an unresponsive adult.
Answer. Carotid
Normal capillary refill time.
Answer. Less than 2 seconds. EMT Exam.
Normal adult blood pressure
Answer. 120/80
How often should you re-assess vital signs on an unstable patient?
Answer. Every 5 minutes
How often should you re-assess vital signs on a stable patient?
Answer. Every 15 minutes
Contraindication
Answer. A reason why you should not give a medication.
Medications an EMT can administer.
Answer. Aspirin, oral glucose, oxygen, prescribed inhalers, nebulized albuterol, nitroglycerin, epinephrine auto-injectors or IM, Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen
Function of aspirin
Answer. Reduces the blood’s ability to clot and reduces pain.
Why do you give nitroglycerin?
Answer. It is given for angina pectoris.
How does an epipen work?
Answer. Anaphylaxis causes vasodilation and low blood pressure. Epinephrine causes vasoconstriction that counteracts the effect. EMT Exam.
What is the most important drug an EMT can give to a patient with signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction.
Answer. Oxygen
What are the two shockable rhythms.
Answer. V-fib, V-tach
Low blood sugar
Answer. Hypoglycemia
High blood sugar
Answer. Hyperglycemia
What is a febrile seizure?
Answer. A seizure brought on in infants and young children caused by high fever.
Most common signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis.
Answer. Respiratory difficulties, low blood pressure
Most common sound when auscultating someone with anaphylaxis.
Answer. Wheezing
Highest risk of accidental poisoning
Answer. Toddlers EMT Exam.
Signs and symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Answer. Flu-like symptoms, nausea, vomiting, altered LOC, headache, dizziness.
What does activated charcoal do?
Answer. It is an adsorbent that binds poisons to its surface, thus reducing the amount that gets absorbed into the bloodstream. It should not be used with strong acids or alkalis, lithium or iron tablets. It does not work on all poisons, and has no effect on alcohol poisoning.
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What effect does alcohol have on the CNS?
Answer. It acts as a depressant.
What are barbiturates?
Answer. They are downers that depress the CNS.
OxyContin, percocet, and lortab are examples of ____.
Answer. Narcotics used for pain control
Best treatment that an EMT can give for inhaled poisons.
Answer. High-flow oxygen
Effects of Delirium tremens.
Answer. Occurs when someone has been using alcohol for some time, then stops using it suddenly. Signs and symptoms include altered LOC, hallucinations, unusual behavior, and seizure activity.
How to do CPR on an adult.
Answer. 30 compressions and 2 breaths. HARD, FAST, DEEP!!. EMT Exam.